Moore's Law describes which trend in technology?

• A. The number of transistors in an integrated circuit doubles every two years, while price falls and devices shrink
• B. Data storage capacity doubles every year
• C. Processor speed doubles every five years
• D. Memory capacity doubles every year

Answer: (A)

Moore's Law is about exponential growth in how densely transistors can be packed on a single integrated circuit. The key idea is that the number of transistors doubles roughly every two years, and that this increase tends to be accompanied by lower costs and smaller device sizes. This relationship has driven the steady rise in computing power and the dropping cost per transistor, enabling more capable electronics over time. It isn’t simply about storage capacity or clock speed, though those areas benefit from the same trend; the essence is the doubling of transistor density with corresponding price reductions and miniaturization.

Other options mix in different trends. Data storage capacity growth follows separate advances in storage technology and density. Processor speed has not continued to double every few years in recent decades due to limits like heat and power, so that pattern isn’t Moore’s Law. Memory capacity grows along its own path as well, not strictly tied to the transistor-count doubling principle.